§ 184-168. Illumination of parking and loading areas.

Illumination for parking and loading areas shall be provided in accordance with the following standards:

A. 

Illumination levels; definitions. For purposes of administering the illumination level standards in Subsections B(1) and B(2) below, the following definitions shall apply:

(1) 

"General parking and pedestrian area" is an area where pedestrian conflicts with vehicles are likely to occur.

(2) 

"Vehicular use area (only)" is an area where conflicts with pedestrian are not likely to occur, such as service areas or access road.

(3) 

"Level of activity" reflects both vehicular traffic and pedestrian activity and are illustrated by, but not limited to, the following examples. If the level of activity involves a large number of vehicles at night, the examples given below for low and medium levels of activity belong more properly in the next higher level.

	High:	Major cultural or civic events
		Fast food facilities
	Medium:	Community shopping centers
		Cultural, civic or recreational events
		Office parks
		Transportation parking (commuter lots, etc.)
		Residential complex parking
	Low:	Neighborhood shopping
		Industrial employee parking
		Educational facility parking
		Church parking

B. 

Illumination levels' standards. The following provisions set forth the required maintained horizontal illumination for general parking and pedestrian areas, and for other vehicle use areas.

(1) 

General parking and pedestrian areas.

	Level of Activity	Footcandles	Uniformity Ratio
	High	0.9	4:1
	Medium	0.6	4:1
	Low	0.2	4:1

(2) 

Vehicle use areas (only)

	Level of Activity	Footcandles	Uniformity Ratio
	High	2.0	3:1
	Medium	1.0	3:1
	Low	0.5	4:1

C. 

Maximum illumination level at property line. The level of illumination at ground level shall not exceed 0.5 of a footcandle at the property line, nor 0.3 of a footcandle at any property line abutting a property used by or zoned for residential use.

D. 

Shielding of fixtures. All lighting fixtures shall be directed downward and shall be equipped with the necessary shielding so as to prevent the direct source of light from being visible from any point beyond the property lines of the premises upon which the lighting structure is located.

E. 

Maximum height of fixtures. No lighting structure shall exceed a height of 15 feet above normal grade in the vicinity of the light fixture. Normal grade shall be construed to be the newly established grade after construction, exclusive of any filling, burning, mounding, excavating or curbing or retaining wall which alters the grade at the base of the light fixture from the grade in the general vicinity of the fixture.

F. 

Duration of illumination. Duration of operation of all lighting and maximum lumen power permitted shall be as determined satisfactory by the Board with due regard to whether any limitations imposed will deprive the applicant, will be detrimental to the public health and general welfare or to the property and personal rights of the abutting owners. Provision shall be made for the reduction in the intensity of illumination to the minimum needed for security purposes when the facility is not in operation.

G. 

Conflicts with motor vehicles. Freestanding light fixture shall be mounted upon a concrete base or shall be set back at least three feet from the curb in order to avoid damage from motor vehicles.

H. 

Underground installation. All wiring for light fixtures shall be laid underground, and not strung between poles or buildings.